diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 138ed69..af3149c 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,10 +1,25 @@
-# NEXT
+# CHANGELOG
 
-* `nvme-ebs-symlinks` hase been _deprecated_ and disabled by default.  The **mdev-conf** package, as of v4.4 is now responsible for maintaining NVMe device symlinks for AWS.
+## 2023-04-XX - Tiny Cloud v3.0.0
 
-  ***WARNING:*** The behavior of **mdev-conf** is slightly different -- only **/dev/sd** or **/dev/xvd** symlinks are created, *not both*!
+* Tiny Cloud init functionality has been consolidated into **/sbin/tiny-cloud**
+  and init scripts should use `tiny-cloud <phase>` to indicate whether `early`,
+  `main`, or `final` actions should be taken.  Additionally, it is now possible
+  for clouds to specify their own (or supercede the default) init functions
+  and/or change which init phase they are executed in.
+
+  The example OpenRC init scripts been updated and moved to **dist/openrc/**.
 
 * Tiny Cloud configuration has moved to **/etc/tiny-cloud.conf**.
 
+* `nvme-ebs-symlinks` has been _deprecated_ and disabled by default.  The
+  **mdev-conf** package, as of v4.4 is now responsible for maintaining NVMe
+  device symlinks for AWS.
+
+  ***WARNING:*** The behavior of **mdev-conf** is slightly different -- either
+  **/dev/sd** or **/dev/xvd** symlinks are created as indicated in NVMe device
+  metadata, *but NOT both*!
+
+
 ----
 _CHANGELOG begins 2023-04-29_
diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt
index 817eab1..125c528 100644
--- a/LICENSE.txt
+++ b/LICENSE.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2017-2022 Jake Buchholz Göktürk, Michael Crute
+Copyright (c) 2017-2023 Jake Buchholz Göktürk, Michael Crute
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
 this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index b9fd3e2..b2eea47 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -11,11 +11,13 @@ core:
 		bin/imds
 	install -Dm644 -t "$(PREFIX)"/lib/tiny-cloud \
 		lib/tiny-cloud/common \
-		lib/tiny-cloud/init-* \
+		lib/tiny-cloud/init \
 		lib/tiny-cloud/mdev \
 		lib/tiny-cloud/tiny-cloud.conf
 	install -Dm644 lib/tiny-cloud/tiny-cloud.conf \
 		"$(PREFIX)"/etc/tiny-cloud.conf
+	install -Dm755 -t "$(PREFIX)"/sbin \
+		sbin/tiny-cloud
 
 network:
 	install -Dm644 -t "$(PREFIX)"/etc/network/interfaces.d \
@@ -23,7 +25,8 @@ network:
 	install -Dm755 -t "$(PREFIX)"/lib/mdev \
 		lib/mdev/vnic-eth-hotplug
 	install -Dm755 -t "$(PREFIX)"/sbin \
-		sbin/*
+		sbin/assemble-interfaces \
+		sbin/imds-net-sync
 	install -Dm755 -t "$(PREFIX)"/usr/libexec/ifupdown-ng \
 		usr/libexec/ifupdown-ng/imds
 
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 87b7ec3..d0e7ad5 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ instance:
 Optional features, which may not be universally necessary:
 * manage hotpluggable network interfaces
 * sync IMDS-provided secondary IPv4 and IPv6 addresses network interfaces
-* manage symlinks from NVMe block devices to `/dev/xvd` and `/dev/sd` devices
+* manage symlinks from NVMe block devices to `/dev/xvd` or `/dev/sd` devices
   (i.e. AWS Nitro instances)
 
 Also included is a handy `imds` client script for easy access to an instance's
diff --git a/TODO.md b/TODO.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8b9ae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/TODO.md
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# TODO
+
+## Tiny Cloud v3.0.0
+
+* Support for Alpine Linux ISO auto-install via NoCloud `CIDATA` volumes, which
+  have pre-network access to UserData and MetaData.  Adjust phase actions as
+  appropriate.
+
+* Detect UserData content type.  In addition to handling `#!` scripts and raw
+  data, provide basic handling a subset of `#cloud-config` directives.
+
+## FUTURE
+
+* `imds-net-sync` improvements
+  * Feature parity with current [amazon-ec2-net-utils](
+    https://github.com/amazonlinux/amazon-ec2-net-utils)
+  * Support for non-AWS clouds
+  * daemonize to pick up IMDS network changes between reboots
diff --git a/dist/openrc/tiny-cloud b/dist/openrc/tiny-cloud
index e578c2d..a4beae1 100755
--- a/dist/openrc/tiny-cloud
+++ b/dist/openrc/tiny-cloud
@@ -4,31 +4,17 @@
 description="Tiny Cloud Bootstrap - main phase"
 extra_commands="complete incomplete"
 
-: "${LIBDIR:=$PREFIX/lib}"
-. "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/init-main
-
 depend() {
 	need net
 	before sshd
 }
 
 start() {
-
-	is_bootstrapped && return 0
-
-	ebegin "Saving Instance UserData"
-	save_userdata
-	eend $?
-
-	ebegin "Setting Instance Hostname"
-	set_hostname
-	eend $?
-
-	ebegin "Installing SSH Keys for $CLOUD_USER User"
-	set_ssh_keys "$CLOUD_USER"
+	ebegin "Tiny Cloud - main phase"
+	tiny-cloud main
 	eend $?
 }
 
-# allow setting / unsetting of bootstrap state
-complete() { bootstrap_complete ; }
-incomplete() { bootstrap_incomplete ; }
+# allow setting / unsetting of bootstrapped state
+complete() { tiny-cloud --bootstrap complete ; }
+incomplete() { tiny-cloud --bootstrap incomplete ; }
diff --git a/dist/openrc/tiny-cloud-early b/dist/openrc/tiny-cloud-early
index ee56bf3..88c9c7e 100755
--- a/dist/openrc/tiny-cloud-early
+++ b/dist/openrc/tiny-cloud-early
@@ -3,25 +3,13 @@
 
 description="Tiny Cloud Bootstrap - early phase"
 
-: "${LIBDIR:=$PREFIX/lib}"
-
 depend() {
-	after root
+	after root logger
 	before net
 }
 
 start() {
-	. "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/init-early
-
-	is_bootstrapped && return 0
-
-	ebegin "Expanding Root Volume/Partition"
-	expand_root
+	ebegin "Tiny Cloud - early phase"
+	tiny-cloud early
 	eend $?
-
-	if has_cloud_hotplugs; then
-		ebegin "Installing Cloud Hotplugs"
-		install_hotplugs
-		eend $?
-	fi
 }
diff --git a/dist/openrc/tiny-cloud-final b/dist/openrc/tiny-cloud-final
index 5cdbffe..269fe0f 100755
--- a/dist/openrc/tiny-cloud-final
+++ b/dist/openrc/tiny-cloud-final
@@ -3,25 +3,13 @@
 
 description="Tiny Cloud Bootstrap - final phase"
 
-: "${LIBDIR:=$PREFIX/lib}"
-
 depend() {
 	after *
 	provide cloud-final
 }
 
 start() {
-	. "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/init-final
-
-	is_bootstrapped && return 0
-
-	if is_userdata_script; then
-		ebegin "Executing UserData Script"
-		run_userdata
-		eend $?
-	fi
-
-	ebegin "Marking Instance Bootstrap Complete"
-	bootstrap_complete
+	ebegin "Tiny Cloud - final phase"
+	tiny-cloud final
 	eend $?
 }
diff --git a/lib/tiny-cloud/init b/lib/tiny-cloud/init
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2af02e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/tiny-cloud/init
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+# Tiny Cloud - Init Functions
+# vim:set ts=4 et ft=sh:
+
+# set defaults
+: "${LIBDIR:=$PREFIX/lib}"
+. "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/common
+
+: "${SKIP_INIT_ACTIONS:=}"
+: "${HOTPLUG_TYPE:=mdev}"
+
+# TODO: default phase actions
+
+# ensure existence of output directories
+[ ! -d "$TINY_CLOUD_LOGS" ] && mkdir -p "$TINY_CLOUD_LOGS"
+[ ! -d "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR" ] && mkdir -p "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR"
+
+### NOTE: init-early functions...
+
+expand_root() {
+    skip_action expand_root && return
+
+    echo "Expanding Root Volume/ Partition"
+
+    local dev=$(awk '$2 == "/" {print $1}' "$ROOT"/proc/mounts)
+    local partition=$(cat "$ROOT/sys/class/block/${dev#/dev/}/partition" 2>/dev/null)
+
+    if [ -n "$partition" ]; then
+        # it's a partition, resize it
+        local volume=$(readlink -f "$ROOT/sys/class/block/${dev#/dev/}/..")
+        volume="/dev/${volume##*/}"
+        echo ", +" | $MOCK sfdisk -q --no-reread -N "$partition" "$volume"
+        $MOCK partx -u "$volume"
+    fi
+    # resize filesystem
+    $MOCK resize2fs "$dev"
+}
+
+install_hotplugs() {
+    skip_action install_hotplugs && return
+    [ ! -n "$HOTPLUG_MODULES" ] && return
+
+    echo "Installing Cloud Hotplugs"
+
+    local result rc=0
+
+    if [ -f "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/"$HOTPLUG_TYPE" ]; then
+	    . "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/"$HOTPLUG_TYPE"
+    fi
+
+    for module in $HOTPLUG_MODULES; do
+        result='-'
+        printf " $module"
+        if type "mod__$module" | grep -q -w "function"; then
+            "mod__$module" && result='+' || { result='!'; rc=1; }
+        fi
+        printf "($result)"
+    done
+    return $rc
+}
+
+### NOTE: init-main functions
+
+set_hostname() {
+    skip_action set_hostname && return
+
+    echo "Setting Instance Hostname"
+
+    local fqdn=$(imds @hostname)
+    local host="${fqdn%%\.*}"
+
+    mkdir -p "$ROOT"/etc
+    echo "$host" > "$ROOT"/etc/hostname
+    $MOCK hostname -F "$ROOT"/etc/hostname
+    echo -e "127.0.1.1\t$fqdn $host" >> "$ROOT"/etc/hosts
+}
+
+set_ssh_keys() {
+    skip_action set_ssh_keys && return
+
+    echo "Installing SSH Keys for $CLOUD_USER User"
+
+    local user="$CLOUD_USER"
+    local pwent="$(getent passwd "$user")"
+    local group=$(echo "$pwent" | cut -d: -f4)
+    local ssh_dir="${ROOT}$(echo "$pwent" | cut -d: -f6)/.ssh"
+    local keys_file="$ssh_dir/authorized_keys"
+
+    if [ ! -d "$ssh_dir" ]; then
+        mkdir -p "$ssh_dir"
+        chmod 700 "$ssh_dir"
+    fi
+
+    touch "$keys_file"
+    chmod 600 "$keys_file"
+    $MOCK chown -R "$user:$group" "$ssh_dir"
+    imds @ssh-keys > "$keys_file"
+}
+
+save_userdata() {
+    skip_action save_userdata && return
+
+    # TODO: this trips save_userdata_* and run_userdata tests: "stdout not empty"
+    #echo "Saving Instance UserData"
+
+    local userdata="$TINY_CLOUD_VAR/user-data"
+    local tmpfile=$(mktemp "$userdata.XXXXXX")
+    local cmd
+
+    imds -e @userdata > "$tmpfile"
+    cmd="cat"
+    if ! skip_action decompress_userdata; then
+        if printf '\037\213\010' | cmp -s -n 3 "$tmpfile"; then
+            gzip -dc "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
+        elif printf 'BZh' | cmp -s -n 3 "$tmpfile"; then
+            bzip2 -dc "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
+        elif printf '\375\067\172\130\132\000' | cmp -s -n 6 "$tmpfile"; then
+            unxz -c "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
+        elif printf '\135\000\000' | cmp -s -n 3 "$tmpfile"; then
+            lzma -dc "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
+        elif printf '\211\114\132' | cmp -s -n 3 "$tmpfile"; then
+            lzop -dc "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
+        elif printf '\004\042\115\030' | cmp -s -n 4 "$tmpfile"; then
+            lz4 -dc "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
+        elif printf '(\265/\375' | cmp -s -n 4 "$tmpfile"; then
+            zstd -dc "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
+        else
+            cp "$tmpfile" "$userdata"
+        fi
+    else
+        cp "$tmpfile" "$userdata"
+    fi
+    rm "$tmpfile"
+}
+
+### TODO: init-final functions
+
+run_userdata() {
+    skip_action run_userdata && return
+    if [ $(userdata_type) != "script" ]; then
+        echo "UserData is not executable"
+        return
+    fi
+
+    echo "Executing UserData Script"
+
+    local log="$TINY_CLOUD_LOGS/user-data.log"
+    local exit="$TINY_CLOUD_LOGS/user-data.exit"
+    local userdata="$TINY_CLOUD_VAR/user-data"
+
+    chmod +x "$userdata"
+    { "$userdata" 2>& 1; echo $? > "$exit"; } | tee "$log"
+
+    return $(cat "$exit")
+}
+
+# load cloud-specific init functions / vars
+: "${LIBDIR:=$PREFIX/lib}"
+if [ -f "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/"$CLOUD"/init ]; then
+	. "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/"$CLOUD"/init
+fi
+
+
+### non-overrideable functions
+
+# should we skip this action?
+skip_action() {
+    local action="$1"
+    for i in $SKIP_INIT_ACTIONS; do
+        if [ "$i" = "$action" ]; then
+            printf " SKIPPING"
+            return 0
+        fi
+    done
+    return 1
+}
+
+userdata_type() {
+    if [ -f "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR/user-data" ]; then
+        header=$(head -n1 "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR/user-data")
+        case "$header" in
+            '#cloud-config') echo cloud-config;;
+            '#!'*) echo script;;
+            *) echo unknown;;
+        esac
+    else
+        echo missing
+    fi
+}
diff --git a/lib/tiny-cloud/init-common b/lib/tiny-cloud/init-common
deleted file mode 100644
index 8944f0f..0000000
--- a/lib/tiny-cloud/init-common
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-# Tiny Cloud - Common Initialization
-# vim:set ts=4 et ft=sh:
-
-# set defaults
-: "${LIBDIR:=$PREFIX/lib}"
-. "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/common
-
-: "${SKIP_INIT_ACTIONS:=}"
-
-# is initial bootstrap already done?
-is_bootstrapped() { [ -f "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR"/.bootstrap-complete ] ; }
-
-# indicate bootstrap is done
-bootstrap_complete() { touch "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR"/.bootstrap-complete ; }
-
-# indicate bootstrap isn't done
-bootstrap_incomplete() { rm -f "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR"/.bootstrap-complete ; }
-
-# should we skip this action?
-skip_action() {
-    local action="$1"
-    for i in $SKIP_INIT_ACTIONS; do
-        if [ "$i" = "$action" ]; then
-            printf " SKIPPING"
-            return 0
-        fi
-    done
-    return 1
-}
diff --git a/lib/tiny-cloud/init-early b/lib/tiny-cloud/init-early
deleted file mode 100644
index afeb68b..0000000
--- a/lib/tiny-cloud/init-early
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-# Tiny Cloud - Early Phase Functions
-# vim:set ts=4 et ft=sh:
-
-: "${LIBDIR:=$PREFIX/lib}"
-. "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/init-common
-
-expand_root() {
-    skip_action expand_root && return
-
-    local dev=$(awk '$2 == "/" {print $1}' "$ROOT"/proc/mounts)
-    local partition=$(cat "$ROOT/sys/class/block/${dev#/dev/}/partition" 2>/dev/null)
-
-    if [ -n "$partition" ]; then
-        # it's a partition, resize it
-        local volume=$(readlink -f "$ROOT/sys/class/block/${dev#/dev/}/..")
-        volume="/dev/${volume##*/}"
-        echo ", +" | $MOCK sfdisk -q --no-reread -N "$partition" "$volume"
-        $MOCK partx -u "$volume"
-    fi
-    # resize filesystem
-    $MOCK resize2fs "$dev"
-}
-
-has_cloud_hotplugs() { [ -n "$HOTPLUG_MODULES" ]; }
-
-install_hotplugs() {
-    skip_action install_hotplugs && return
-
-    local result rc=0
-
-    for module in $HOTPLUG_MODULES; do
-        result='-'
-        printf " $module"
-        if type "mod__$module" | grep -q -w "function"; then
-            "mod__$module" && result='+' || { result='!'; rc=1; }
-        fi
-        printf "($result)"
-    done
-    return $rc
-}
-
-: "${HOTPLUG_TYPE:=mdev}"
-if [ -f "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/"$HOTPLUG_TYPE" ]; then
-	. "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/"$HOTPLUG_TYPE"
-fi
diff --git a/lib/tiny-cloud/init-final b/lib/tiny-cloud/init-final
deleted file mode 100644
index 9c19c57..0000000
--- a/lib/tiny-cloud/init-final
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-# Tiny Cloud - Final Phase Functions
-# vim:set ts=4 et ft=sh:
-
-: "${LIBDIR:=$PREFIX/lib}"
-. "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/init-common
-
-is_userdata_script() {
-    head -n1 "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR/user-data" | grep -q "#!/"
-}
-
-run_userdata() {
-    skip_action run_userdata && return
-
-    local log="$TINY_CLOUD_LOGS/user-data.log"
-    local exit="$TINY_CLOUD_LOGS/user-data.exit"
-    local userdata="$TINY_CLOUD_VAR/user-data"
-
-    chmod +x "$userdata"
-    { "$userdata" 2>& 1; echo $? > "$exit"; } | tee "$log"
-
-    return $(cat "$exit")
-}
diff --git a/lib/tiny-cloud/init-main b/lib/tiny-cloud/init-main
deleted file mode 100644
index 1728d3a..0000000
--- a/lib/tiny-cloud/init-main
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-# Tiny Cloud - Main Phase Functions
-# vim:set ts=4 et ft=sh:
-
-: "${LIBDIR:=$PREFIX/lib}"
-. "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/init-common
-
-# ensure existence of output directories
-[ ! -d "$TINY_CLOUD_LOGS" ] && mkdir -p "$TINY_CLOUD_LOGS"
-[ ! -d "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR" ] && mkdir -p "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR"
-
-set_hostname() {
-    skip_action set_hostname && return
-
-    local fqdn=$(imds @hostname)
-    local host="${fqdn%%\.*}"
-
-    mkdir -p "$ROOT"/etc
-    echo "$host" > "$ROOT"/etc/hostname
-    $MOCK hostname -F "$ROOT"/etc/hostname
-    echo -e "127.0.1.1\t$fqdn $host" >> "$ROOT"/etc/hosts
-}
-
-set_ssh_keys() {
-    skip_action set_ssh_keys && return
-
-    local user="$CLOUD_USER"
-    local pwent="$(getent passwd "$user")"
-    local group=$(echo "$pwent" | cut -d: -f4)
-    local ssh_dir="${ROOT}$(echo "$pwent" | cut -d: -f6)/.ssh"
-    local keys_file="$ssh_dir/authorized_keys"
-
-    if [ ! -d "$ssh_dir" ]; then
-        mkdir -p "$ssh_dir"
-        chmod 700 "$ssh_dir"
-    fi
-
-    touch "$keys_file"
-    chmod 600 "$keys_file"
-    $MOCK chown -R "$user:$group" "$ssh_dir"
-    imds @ssh-keys > "$keys_file"
-}
-
-save_userdata() {
-    skip_action save_userdata && return
-
-    local userdata="$TINY_CLOUD_VAR/user-data"
-    local tmpfile=$(mktemp "$userdata.XXXXXX")
-    local cmd
-
-    imds -e @userdata > "$tmpfile"
-    cmd="cat"
-    if ! skip_action decompress_userdata; then
-        if printf '\037\213\010' | cmp -s -n 3 "$tmpfile"; then
-            gzip -dc "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
-        elif printf 'BZh' | cmp -s -n 3 "$tmpfile"; then
-            bzip2 -dc "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
-        elif printf '\375\067\172\130\132\000' | cmp -s -n 6 "$tmpfile"; then
-            unxz -c "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
-        elif printf '\135\000\000' | cmp -s -n 3 "$tmpfile"; then
-            lzma -dc "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
-        elif printf '\211\114\132' | cmp -s -n 3 "$tmpfile"; then
-            lzop -dc "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
-        elif printf '\004\042\115\030' | cmp -s -n 4 "$tmpfile"; then
-            lz4 -dc "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
-        elif printf '(\265/\375' | cmp -s -n 4 "$tmpfile"; then
-            zstd -dc "$tmpfile" > "$userdata"
-        else
-            cp "$tmpfile" "$userdata"
-        fi
-    else
-        cp "$tmpfile" "$userdata"
-    fi
-    rm "$tmpfile"
-}
diff --git a/sbin/tiny-cloud b/sbin/tiny-cloud
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..bd36f06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sbin/tiny-cloud
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# vim:set ts=4 et ft=sh:
+
+# MacOS testing
+getopt=/opt/homebrew/Cellar/gnu-getopt/2.38.1/bin/getopt
+
+# Tiny Cloud
+
+set -e
+
+: "${LIBDIR:=$PREFIX/lib}"
+. "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/common
+
+usage() {
+    cat <<EOF
+Usage: ${0##*/} [-h | --help] { early | main | final | --bootstrap {complete|incomplete} }
+EOF
+}
+
+bootstrap_complete() {
+    echo "Marking Instance Bootstrap Complete"
+    touch "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR"/.bootstrap-complete
+}
+
+bootstrap_incomplete() {
+    echo "Marking Instance Bootstrap Incomplete"
+    rm -f "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR"/.bootstrap-complete
+}
+
+args=$($getopt -o hb: --long help,bootstrap: -n ${0##*/} -- "$@")
+if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
+    usage >&2
+    exit 1
+fi
+eval set -- "$args"
+while true; do
+    case "$1" in
+        -h|--help) usage; exit 0;;
+        -b|--bootstrap) shift
+            case "$1" in
+                complete)   # indicate bootstrap is done
+                    bootstrap_complete;;
+                incomplete) # indicate bootstrap isn't done
+                    bootstrap_incomplete;;
+                *) usage >&2; exit 1;;
+            esac
+            exit 0;;
+        --) shift; break;;
+        *) usage >&2; exit 1;;
+    esac
+    shift
+done
+
+phase="$1"
+shift
+
+case "$phase" in
+    early|main|final) ;;
+    *) usage >&2; exit 1;;
+esac
+
+# is initial bootstrap already done?
+if [ -f "$TINY_CLOUD_VAR"/.bootstrap-complete ]; then
+    log -s "Already bootstrapped"
+    exit 0;
+fi
+
+### default phase actions
+
+early() {
+    expand_root
+    install_hotplugs
+}
+
+main() {
+    save_userdata
+    set_hostname
+    set_ssh_keys
+}
+
+final() {
+    run_userdata
+    bootstrap_complete
+}
+
+# load init functions
+. "$LIBDIR"/tiny-cloud/init
+
+echo $phase "$@"
diff --git a/tests/init-early.test b/tests/init-early.test
index 8129896..b1ffae5 100755
--- a/tests/init-early.test
+++ b/tests/init-early.test
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 export PREFIX="$srcdir"
 export MOCK=echo
+lib="$srcdir"/lib/tiny-cloud/init
 
 init_tests \
 	expand_root \
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ PROVIDERS="aws azure gcp nocloud oci"
 expand_root_body() {
 	fake_bin test-expand-root <<-EOF
 		#!/bin/sh
-		. "$srcdir"/lib/tiny-cloud/init-early
+		. "$lib"
 		expand_root
 	EOF
 	mkdir proc
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ expand_root_body() {
 expand_root_partition_body() {
 	fake_bin test-expand-root <<-EOF
 		#!/bin/sh
-		. "$srcdir"/lib/tiny-cloud/init-early
+		. "$lib"
 		expand_root
 	EOF
 	mkdir -p proc sys/class/block \
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ expand_root_skip_body() {
 	fake_bin test-expand-root <<-EOF
 		#!/bin/sh
 		SKIP_INIT_ACTIONS=expand_root
-		. "$srcdir"/lib/tiny-cloud/init-early
+		. "$lib"
 		expand_root
 	EOF
 	for provider in $PROVIDERS; do
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ install_hotplugs_skip_body() {
 	fake_bin test-install-hotplugs <<-EOF
 		#!/bin/sh
 		SKIP_INIT_ACTIONS=install_hotplugs
-		. "$srcdir"/lib/tiny-cloud/init-early
+		. "$lib"
 		install_hotplugs
 	EOF
 	for provider in $PROVIDERS; do
@@ -84,11 +85,10 @@ install_hotplugs_fail_body() {
 	fake_bin test-install-hotplugs <<-EOF
 		#!/bin/sh
 		HOTPLUG_MODULES="vnic_eth_hotplug"
-		. "$srcdir"/lib/tiny-cloud/init-early
+		. "$lib"
 		install_hotplugs
 	EOF
 	CLOUD=aws atf_check -s not-exit:0 \
 		-o match:"^ vnic_eth_hotplug\(!\)$" \
 		test-install-hotplugs
 }
-
diff --git a/tests/init-final.test b/tests/init-final.test
index b2053fd..08b496f 100755
--- a/tests/init-final.test
+++ b/tests/init-final.test
@@ -4,25 +4,31 @@
 
 export PREFIX="$srcdir"
 export MOCK=echo
-lib="$srcdir"/lib/tiny-cloud/init-final
-init_main="$srcdir"/lib/tiny-cloud/init-main
+lib="$srcdir"/lib/tiny-cloud/init
 PROVIDERS="aws azure gcp nocloud oci"
 
 init_tests \
-	is_userdata_script \
+	userdata_type \
 	run_userdata
 
 
-is_userdata_script_body() {
+userdata_type_body() {
 	mkdir -p var/lib/cloud
 	for c in $PROVIDERS; do
+		rm -f var/lib/cloud/user-data
+		CLOUD="$c" atf_check \
+			-o match:"missing" \
+			sh -c ". \"$lib\"; userdata_type"
+
 		echo "#tiny-cloud-config" > var/lib/cloud/user-data
-		CLOUD="$c" atf_check -s not-exit:0 \
-			sh -c ". \"$lib\"; is_userdata_script"
-	
+		CLOUD="$c" atf_check \
+			-o match:"unknown" \
+			sh -c ". \"$lib\"; userdata_type"
+
 		echo "#!/bin/sh" > var/lib/cloud/user-data
 		CLOUD="$c" atf_check -s exit:0 \
-			sh -c ". \"$lib\"; is_userdata_script"
+			-o match:"script" \
+			sh -c ". \"$lib\"; userdata_type"
 	done
 }
 
@@ -32,11 +38,10 @@ run_userdata_body() {
 		echo "hello from user-data"
 	EOF
 	CLOUD="nocloud" atf_check \
-		sh -c ". \"$init_main\"; save_userdata"
+		sh -c ". \"$lib\"; save_userdata"
 	CLOUD="nocloud" atf_check \
 		-o match:"hello from user-data" \
 		sh -c ". \"$lib\"; run_userdata"
 	grep "hello from user-data" var/log/user-data.log || atf_fail "user-data.log failed"
 	grep -w "0" var/log/user-data.exit || atf_fail "user-data.exit failed"
 }
-
diff --git a/tests/init-main.test b/tests/init-main.test
index 974ae40..6a27261 100755
--- a/tests/init-main.test
+++ b/tests/init-main.test
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 export PREFIX="$srcdir"
 export MOCK=echo
-lib="$srcdir"/lib/tiny-cloud/init-main
+lib="$srcdir"/lib/tiny-cloud/init
 
 init_tests \
 	set_hostname \
@@ -95,4 +95,3 @@ save_userdata_compressed_body() {
 		fi
 	done
 }
-